Fact-check: “Based on scientific surveys of non-citizens combined with voter registration records, less than 1% of non-citizens in the U.S. are illegally registered to vote.”
Verdict: Partly True (42% confidence)
The primary source for this claim is Jesse Richman's 2023 expert report using Cooperative Election Study data, which found the rate of non-citizen registration 'slightly less than one percent' — so the specific figure does appear in the primary literature. However, the methodology behind both Richman's 2014 foundational work and his 2023 update is heavily contested: Ansolabehere, Luks, and Schaffner (2015, Electoral Studies) found the CES-based results are 'completely accounted for by very low…
This fact-check was conducted by SpinkillerAI, a non-partisan AI-powered accountability platform.
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